In an important development within the European Schengen area Romania and Bulgaria have strengthened their position by partially joining this area, lifting border controls at their airports and seaports.
This milestone marks long-awaited progress for the two countries, although land border controls remain in place for the time being.
For years, Romania and Bulgaria have sought full integration into the Schengen area, a goal that has so far only been partially achieved due to resistance from some Member States. Criticism mainly concerned the need for these countries to step up their efforts against corruption and organized crime. In particular had The Netherlands, led by the then Minister of Foreign Affairs, raised concerns about Bulgaria's accession without further reforms.
The complete removal of border controls, especially over land, has not yet been achieved, partly due to a veto by Austria. This country demands further action against illegal migration before it is allowed to fully integrate into the Schengen area. Meanwhile, the EU agency Frontex is providing support to both countries in strengthening the EU's external borders.
Discussions on fully opening the country's borders are scheduled for later this year, with optimism from the governments of Romania and Bulgaria that these borders will be free of controls by the end of the year.
The Schengen Treaty facilitates unhindered travel for EU residents and visa holders within its member states, a group that includes 27 European countries, including non-EU members such as Iceland, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Norway.
Recent developments point to a future in which Romania and Bulgaria will also take their place as full members of this region.
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